Paracetamol: pharmacology, prescribing and controversies
Paracetamol (internationally known as acetaminophen) is the most common medicine encountered in paediatric practice. It is used widely by parents and health professionals and it has analgesic and antipyretic effects. Its short-term safety and efficacy are well established and it is readily available for purchase over the counter. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood but it …
How to use clinical signs of meningitis - ADC Education & Practice …
Meningitis is a critical diagnosis not to miss in children presenting with fever. Since the early 20th century, classical clinical signs have been used to aid the diagnosis of meningitis. These classical signs are nuchal rigidity, Kernig’s sign and Brudzinski’s sign. Each of these relies on the principle that stretching the inflamed meningeal membranes causes clinically detectable irritation.
Fifteen-minute consultation: Guide to communicating with …
This article suggests communicative steps and strategies to help healthcare professionals achieve the ideals of child-centred care, which place children and young people at the centre of policy and practice. For those with 15 s, not 15 min, our suggestions can be summarised like this: help children be active agents in their own care by asking, listening well, being curious and explaining ...
Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people: NICE ...
In September 2016, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published their first guideline on ‘harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people’.1 The aim of this document was to enable the safe and appropriate management of children and young people presenting with harmful sexual behaviour. This includes the identification of such children and young people ...
How to use Donath-Landsteiner test to diagnose paroxysmal cold ...
Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria (PCH) accounts for around a third of cases of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in children. PCH is caused by an autoantibody that fixes complement to red cells at low temperatures and dissociates at warmer temperatures (a biphasic haemolysin), triggering complement-mediated intravascular haemolysis. Named the Donath-Landsteiner (D-L) antibody after its discoverers ...
Vulvovaginitis and other common childhood gynaecological …
Paediatric gynaecological problems, especially those involving the vulvar area, are common in childhood. The conditions frequently seen include recurrent bacterial vulvovaginitis, vulvar irritation, labial adhesions and dermatological conditions. The presentation and management of these conditions will be reviewed.
84 Dyer˜EM, .arh Dis hil e prat e 1058488 686 Interpretat Ions How to interpret urine toxicology tests emma M Dyer,1 sormeh salehian2 1Evelina London Children’s Healthcare, London, UK 2Paediatric Department, Addenbrooke’s Hospital,
How to interpret urine toxicology tests - ADC Education & Practice …
Physiological background and technical background. A urine toxicology screen is a qualitative test of specific drugs or their metabolites in the urine.2 Substances are detected in the urine by enzymatic immunoassays (EIAs). However, many of these lack specificity and/or sensitivity, and they are limited to drugs that reach detectable concentrations in the urine.3
NICE guideline review: Epilepsies in children, young people and …
Epilepsy is the most common significant long-term neurological condition of childhood. The prevalence in children in the UK is approximately 4 per 1000 children. It affects 1 in 220 children and young people in the UK with on average two children with epilepsy in every primary school and nine in every secondary school.1 The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) defines ...
NICE guideline review: neonatal infection: antibiotics for …
Neonatal infection has been recognised as the third most common cause of neonatal death globally.1 In the UK, a retrospective analysis that spanned over 30 neonatal units from 2005 to 2014 found the incidence of neonatal infection was 6.1 per 1000 live births and 48.8 per 1000 neonatal admissions.2 The incidence of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) in the UK was 0.7 per 1000 live births.2 The ...