Abstract: Cogging torque in interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) is caused by variation in magnetic reluctance between permanent magnets and stator slot openings. It can result in ...

The M Part torque wrench kit offers good value, comes with a case and seven bits and is calibrated to a stringent ISO standard. It will allow you to tackle a range of jobs on the bike with ease.

Abstract: This paper presents a semi-analytical model for predicting cogging torque based on harmonic interaction principle within the airgap. It derives the airgap’s magnetic energy through Fourier ...

In short: when torque overshoot does occur, it doesn’t produce cogging. But let’s get our noses out of the theory books and back into the driving experience. While it’s definitely ...

Working with a torque wrench can drastically reduce the chance of damaging any parts on your bike or having them come loose while riding. A torque wrench is a tool that allows you to tighten all ...

Electric-assisted bicycles, or ebikes, are fundamentally changing the way people get around cities and towns. What were once sweaty, hilly, or difficult rides have quickly turned into a low-impact ...