1856 - 1874 China’s loss of control over its own seaports (Treaty Ports) including British regulation of Chinese emigration -- is the necessary condition for the beginning of the Chinese Coolie ...

I’ve heard about Chinese “coolies” building the railroad across America. But as a 1960s immigrant from the big city of Hong Kong, I thought I had nothing in common with these villagers who ...

An early scene in CHINESE IN THE FRONTIER WEST: An American Story imagines a Chinese ... "Let us consider the vile coolies, who like craven beasts work the goldmines only to return to their ...

A few thousands of Coolies and Chinese thrown into the country would ... most of the articles of general consumption received from America. For fish there is a great demand, whilst supplies ...