In space flight, propellants based on hydrazines are used, among other things, as standard for attitude and control regulation in spacecraft. Like the oxidizer dinitrogen tetroxide (NTO) used for this ...

While prototypes of water-powered rocket thrusters and engines have been developed before, and a few have succeeded in launching CubeSats, water has not yet been used as a propellant on a large scale.

The M11 test bench and associated M3 physical chemistry laboratory at the DLR Institute of Space Propulsion in Lampoldshausen are used to research and develop new propellants for rocket and ramjet ...