First, they identified more than 20 different recipes recorded in medieval texts from between 1336 and 1449 CE and followed those recipes to make their own different batches of gunpowder.

In general, in the period 1338-1400 A.D., the percentage of saltpeter increased and charcoal decreased, causing lower heats of combustion, which could have produced safer recipes for medieval gunners.

Exactly when the medieval period or "Middle Ages" started and ended is a matter of debate, ... In fact, gunpowder was first invented in China, possibly around 1,200 years ago.

Chemistry professor Dawn Riegner had a literal blast during her pandemic downtime, as she recreated gunpowder recipes and helped a friend studying medieval weapons. At the U.S. Military Academy in ...

Dawn Riegner, Cliff Rogers and their team of chemists and historians wanted to analyze the energetics of medieval gunpowder recipes to help understand the intent of master gunners in creating these ...

Narrator: Researchers at the West Point Military Academy are studying historic gunpowder formulas from the medieval era. Medieval gunpowder had three main ingredients: Charcoal, sulfur and potassium ...

Gunpowder used in cannons helped change the nature of warfare, but it took a while to get the recipe just right. By William J. Broad In the early days of the pandemic, Dawn E. Riegner, a chemist ...

Archeologists analyzed the residue inside four ceramic vessels found in the Old City of Jerusalem. One vessel was potentially a medieval grenade, consistent with first-hand accounts from the period.

In general, in the period 1338–1400 A.D., the percentage of saltpeter increased and charcoal decreased, causing lower heats of combustion, which could have produced safer recipes for medieval ...